Dated 1943 this WWII Allied (U.S) Bombing Navigator map was used during the Italian Campaign in the ETO and shows some of the most famous WWII Italian bombing location such as Rome and Naples. The bombing of Rome in World War II took place on several occasions in 1943 and 1944, primarily by Allied and to a smaller degree by Axis aircraft, before the city was invaded by the Allies on June 4, 1944. This Europe air map would have been folded and carried inside the plane and used during missions by the bombing navigator and pilots on board. This map would have been crucial and successful navigation to target and the avoidance of areas were reported German and Axis AAA were located.

The first bombardment occurred on July 19, 1943 and was carried out by 500 American bombers which dropped 1,168 tons of bombs. The entire working class district of San Lorenzo was destroyed, and 3,000 Italian civilians were killed in the raids over five residential/railway districts. The military targets were few; the largest Stazione Termini contained a marshaling yard, railways and industries that manufactured steel, textile products and glass. Winston Churchill approved the bombardment by the words "I agree”.

In the 110,000 sorties that comprised the Allied Rome air campaign, 600 aircraft were lost and 3,600 air crew members died; 60,000 tons of bombs were dropped in the 78 days before Rome was captured by the Allies on June 4, 1944.